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Llewellyn Cadwaladr
Llewellyn "Lyn" Cadwaladr (1857 – 7 February 1909) was a Welsh operatic tenor who originated roles in, or starred in early tours of, comic operas and operettas of Gilbert and Sullivan, Solomon and Stephens, Robert Planquette and others in the Victorian era, often in America for the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company. He was touring as Ralph in ''H.M.S. Pinafore'' when he was asked to create the role of Frederic in the ''ad hoc'' 1879 British copyright performance of ''The Pirates of Penzance''.
==Early life and career==
Cadwaladr was born in 1857 in Ruabon, Denbighshire, the son of Robert Cadwaladr, a mining engineer, and his wife Pamela.〔(1861 Wales Census for Llewelyn Cadwaladr ), Ancestry.com, accessed 6 April 2015 (pay to view)〕 His siblings included Thomas (born 1854), David Samuel (born 1859) and Robert (born 1860).〔(1861 Wales Census for Llewelyn Cadwaladr ), Ancestry.com, accessed 6 April 2015 (pay to view)〕 He trained at the Royal Irish Academy of Music.〔Stone, David. ("Lyn Cadwaladr" ), ''Who Was Who in the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company'', Gilbert and Sullivan Archive, 20 November 2006, accessed 6 April 2015〕
Cadwaladr made his debut in Wagner's ''Rienzi'' with the Carl Rosa Opera Company in 1879, aged 22. That June, he joined the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company, playing the leading tenor role of Ralph Rackstraw in Gilbert and Sullivan's ''H.M.S. Pinafore'' on tour. During that tour, he became part of an important historical footnote when he originated the role of Frederic in the hastily-assembled single British copyright performance of ''The Pirates of Penzance'' in Paignton on 30 December 1879.〔Ainger, pp. 180–81〕 He added another major role, Alexis in ''The Sorcerer'', on tour from March 1881. Carte sent Cadwaladr to New York later in 1881, where he created the role of the Duke of Dunstable in the first authorised American production of ''Patience'' at the Standard Theatre. At the same theatre, he originated the role of Charles Lorrimer in the American production of Solomon and Stephens's ''Claude Duval'' in March–April 1882. That summer, he toured the English provinces as the Duke in ''Patience'', returning to New York late that year in Carte's productions of Planquette and Farnie's ''Rip Van Winkle'', playing Hans Van Slous and the First Lieutenant. He next created the role of Earl Tolloller in the first New York production of Gilbert and Sullivan's ''Iolanthe'', later touring in the role in Britain throughout most of 1883.〔
In 1884 he left the D'Oyly Carte Opera Company to appear as Rochester in Planquette and Farnie's ''Nell Gwynne'' at London's Avenue and Comedy Theatres. He rejoined D'Oyly Carte in early 1885 at the Savoy Theatre, playing Alexis in the first revival of ''The Sorcerer'', where he was substituting for an ailing Durward Lely.〔Moss, Simon. ("Gilbert & Sullivan: a selling exhibition of memorabilia" ), www.c20th.com, accessed 6 April 2015〕 He next toured in repertory as Ralph, Frederic, the Duke of Dunstable and Tolloller and later in the year also as Alexis. He was back in America late in 1885, where he played the role of Nanki-Poo in Carte's tour of Gilbert and Sullivan's ''The Mikado'', appearing in the same role in Germany from late 1886 to early 1887 and then in Britain. He next played Richard Dauntless in the first provincial tour of ''Ruddigore'' for the rest of 1887. Through most of 1888, he toured in repertory as Ralph, Frederic, the Duke of Dunstable and Nanki-Poo. From late 1888 to early 1889, he starred as Colonel Fairfax in the first provincial tour of ''The Yeomen of the Guard''.〔
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